第33章
17-1第三十三小节
前缀dis的第二个含义:away
discard 动词“丢弃,抛弃”,如discard my old clothes丢掉旧衣服
其同义词有
abandon动词1“放弃”,如abandon one’s ideas放弃某人的想法2“抛弃”,如abandon one’s wife抛弃某人的妻子
desert名词“沙漠,不毛之地”动词1“抛弃,遗弃”2“擅离,开小差”,如desert one’s post擅自离开某人的职位
discriminate动词1(against)“有差别地对待,歧视”,如discriminate against woman歧视妇女2“区别,辨别”,如unable to discriminate colors不能分辨颜色
segregation歧视(美国人认为所有的黑人都是有罪的)
crime名词“罪行,犯罪”,如commit a crime犯罪
sin名词“源罪,罪恶”(s想象成蛇,in内心深处,人内心深处的罪恶)
guilty“有罪的,内疚的”(gui拼音跪,l一个人,ty踢,一个人跪下来让你踢),例:I feel guilty about visiting her so rarely,因为很少拜访她,我感到非常内疚。
criminal形容词“犯罪的,刑事的”,如criminal law刑法(civil law民法),名词“罪犯,刑事犯”
discern动词1“认出,发现”2“辨别,识别”
displace离开你原来的位置,动词1“移置,转移”2“取代,置换”,例:Weeds tend to displace other plants.杂草趋向于取代其他的植物。
replace把它放回原处,动词1“放回,替换,取代”2“归还”
两个“取代”的区别:replace指以新代旧,常表示以前的事物已经失去了作用,例:He replaced the worn type with a new one.他把那些磨损的轮胎替掉换上新的。而displace表示强制性的把一个东西挤掉,并含有强迫之意 ,但并不意味着原物会失去作用。例:Many employees were displaced by computer.许多员工被电脑取代了。
replacement名词“取代,替换,替换物,代替物”,如the replacement of the worn parts磨损零件的替换
dissolve分散开来被解决掉,动词1“(使)溶解,(使)融化”,例:Water dissolves salt.水溶解盐。Salt dissolves in water.盐溶于水。2“解散,取消”,如dissolve parliament in call for new election解散议会要求重新选取
solve动词“解决,解答”,如solve a riddle解答一个谜语
soluble“可溶的”,例:These tablets are soluble in water.这些药片在水里是可溶解的。
solution名词1“解答,解决办法”,例:This is the only practical solution imaginable.这是唯一能想象出来的可行的解决办法。2“溶解,溶液”
resolve反复地解决,动词“决心,决定”,例:He resolved on going out.他决定要去。
resolute“坚决的,果断的”,如resolute optimist一个果断的乐观主义者
resolution名词1“坚决,决心”,例:His encouragement and support strengthened our resolution.他的鼓励和支持加强了我们的决心。2“决定,决议”,例:All those in favor of the resolution should raise their hands.所有那些支持这个决议的人举手。
17-2(接上)第三十三节
distribute分开来赠予,动词1“分发”,例:They distributed books to students.他们给学生们发书。2“(over)散布”,如distribute grass seeds over the lawn把草种全部散布在草坪里
tribute名词1“贡品”2“颂词,称赞”,例:A doctor pay tribute to his nurses by praising their work.医生称赞护士的工作。
attribute动词(to)1“把…归于”,例:David attributed his company's success to the unity of all the staff.大卫把公司的成功归结于全体员工的团结努力。2“认为…是…所为”,例:The tone is usually attributed to sb.这个曲子通常被认为是某人所做。名词“属性,品质,特征”,例:Kindness is one of his best attributes.仁慈是他的好品格之一。
contribute完全的赠予,动词1“(to)贡献,捐助,捐献”,如to contribute food and clothing for the relief of the poor.捐赠食品和衣服以救助贫民。2“投稿”,如contribute two stories to the magazine给杂志投两投故事
contribution名词“贡献”,短语make contribution to doing sth.对…做出贡献
前缀di也表示away
diffuse(fuse流淌)四处流淌,动词1“(气体,液体)扩散”,例:A drop milk diffused in the water.一滴牛奶在水里扩散开来。2“传播,散布”,如diffuse light / heat / knowledge传送光 / 传导热 / 传播知识,形容词1“(文章等)冗长的,漫无边际的”,如a diffusing writing style一种累赘的写作文体,2“四散的,弥漫的”,如diffuse light散射的光
confuse动词1“混淆”,例:They confused me by asking so many questions.他们提了一大堆问题,把我彻底搞糊涂了。2“使混乱”,例:I was confused by all the noise.一片嘈杂声把我弄得头昏脑胀。
confusion名词1“混乱”,例:Her unexpected arrival threw us into total confusion.她的突然到来让我们不知所措。2“混淆”
refuse动词“拒绝”,名词“废物,垃圾”,如kitchen refuse厨房里的垃圾
refusal名词“拒绝,回绝”
disperse动词“分散,驱散,解散”,例:The police dispersed the crowd.警察驱散了人群。A gust of wind dispersed the smoke from the stove.一阵风把炉子里放出的烟驱散了。
sparse“稀疏的,稀少的”,如a sparse population稀疏的人群
distinguish动词1“区别,辨别”,例:Can you distinguish between those two objects? 你能把这两个东西区分开么?2“辨认出”,例:I can distinguish them at a distance.在很远的地方我就能把他们辨别出来。3“使杰出”,例:The young officer distinguished himself many times in the battle.这个年轻的军官每次在战斗中都很风光。
distinct 1“清楚的,明显的”,例:There is a distinct improvement in your study.你的学习有一个非常明显的进步。2“(from)截然不同的”,例:These two suggestions are quite distinct from each other.这两个建议截然不同。