第六章 言论自由
[1]. Emmett v.Kent School District No.415，92 F.Supp.2d 1088（W.D.Wash.2000）.
[2]. “SC Firefighter-Paramedic Fired over Facebook Video Post，”Feb. 26，2010，ems1/ems-management/articles/765102-SC-firefighter-paramedic-fired-over-Facebook-video-post/.
[3]. Colleton County Fire-Rescue Termination of Employment Memorandum, Feb.11，2010，http：//wcsc.images.worldnow/images/incoming/pdf/termination.pdf.
[4]. “After ACLU of Colorado Intervention, High School Student Suspended for Off-Campus Internet Posting Is Back in School，”Feb. 21，2006，aclu.org/free-speech/after-aclu-colorado-intervention-high-school-student-suspended-campus-internet-posting-b.
[5]. A.B.v.State，885 N.E.2d 1223（Ind.2008）.
[6]. Missouri, for example.
[7]. Beussink v.Woodland R-IV School District，30 F.Supp.2d 1175（E.D.Mo.1998）.
[8]. Layshock v.Hermitage School District，593 F.3d 249（3rd Cir.2010），aff'd on reh'g en banc，2011 WL2305970（3rd Cir.2011）.
[9]. Mary Helen Miller，“East Stroudsburg U.Suspends Professor for Facebook Posts，”Feb.26，2010，http：//chronicle/blogPost/East-Stroudsburg-U-Suspends/21498.
[10]. Raegan Medgie，“ESU Professor Back in Class，”March 31，2010，wnep/news/county-bycounty/wnep-mon-esu-professor-back-in-class，0，2905966.story.
[11]. Dalia Fahmy，“Professor Suspended After Joke About Killing Students on Facebook，”March 3，2010，http：//abcnews.go/Business/PersonalFinance/facebook-firings-employees-online-vents-twitterpost-ings-cost/story？id=9986796.
[12]. Miller，“East Stroudsburg U.Suspends Professor for Facebook Posts.”
[13]. Medgie，“ESU Professor Back in Class.”
[14]. Miller，“East Stroudsburg U.Suspends Professor for Facebook Posts.”
[15]. Pietrylo v.Hillstone Restaurant Group，2008 WL 6085437（D.N.J.2008）.
[16]. Pietrylo v.Hillstone Restaurant Group，2008 WL 6085437（D.N.J.2008）.
[17]. J.S.v.Bethlehem Area School District，757 A.2d 412（Pa.Commw.Ct.2000）.
[18]. J.S.v.Blue Mountain School District，593 F.3d 286（3rd Cir.2010），aff'd in part, rev'd in part and remanded on reh'g en banc（3rd Cir.2011）.
[19]. Associated Press，“Federal Judge Halts Suspension of Student Punished over Web Site，”Feb.24，2000，firstamendmentonline/%5Cnews.aspx？id=7559.
[20]. Emmett v.Kent School District No.415，92 F.Supp.2d 1088，1090（W.D.Wash.2000）.
[21]. Tinker v.Des Moines Independent Community School District，393 U.S.503，509（1969）（该案判决学校不让学生佩戴黑色臂章抗议越南战争的禁令无效）。
[22]. Emmett v.Kent School District No.415，92 F.Supp.2d 1088，1090（W.D.Wash.2000），citing Tinkerv.Des Moines Independent Community School District，393 U.S.503，509（1969）.
[23]. Emmett v.Kent School District No.415，92 F.Supp.2d 1088，1090（W.D.Wash.2000）.
[24]. Emmett v.Kent School District No.415，92 F.Supp.2d 1088，1090（W.D.Wash.2000）.
[25]. Beussink v.Woodland R-IV School District，30 F.Supp.2d 1175，1180-1182（E.D.Mo.1998），citing Terminiello v.City of Chicago，337 U.S.1，4（1949）.
[26]. Beussink v.Woodland R-IV School District，30 F.Supp.2d 1175，1182（E.D.Mo.1998）.
[27]. A.B.v.State，885 N.E.2d 1223，1227（Ind.2008）.
[28]. J.S.v.Bethlehem Area School District，807 A.2d 847，865-869（Pa.2002）.
[29]. J.S.v.Bethlehem Area School District，757 A.2d 412，428 n.6（Pa.Commw.Ct.2000）.
[30]. Killion v.Franklin Regional School District，136 F.Supp.2d 446（W.D.Pa.2001）.
[31]. J.S.v.Blue Mountain School District，593 F.3d 286（3rd Cir.2010），aff'd in part, rev'd in part and remanded on reh'g en banc（3rd Cir.2011）.
[32]. Kaitlin Madden，“Ten Tweets That Could Get You Fired，”April 6，2011，theworkbuzz/careers/tweets-could-get-you-fired/.
[33]. David Kirkpatrick, The Facebook Effect（New York：Simon&Schuster，2010），211
[34]. Andrew Levy，“Teenage Office Worker Sacked for Moaning on Facebook About Her‘T-otally Boring'Job，”Feb.26，2009，dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1155971/Teenage-office-worker-sacked-moaning-Facebook-totally-boring-job.html.
[35]. Kirkpatrick, The Facebook Effect，211.
[36]. Kaitlin Madden，“12 Ways to Get Fired for Facebook，”Aug.9，2010，careerbuild-er.ca/Ar-ticle/CB-606-Workplace-Issues-12-Ways-to-Get-Fired-for-Facebook/.
[37]. Wilma B.Liebman，“Decline and Disenchantment：Reflections on the Aging of the National La-bor Relations Board，”28 Berkeley Journal of Employment and Labor Law 569，576（2007）（footnotes omitted）.
[38]. 29U.S.C.§157.
[39]. Hatzel Vela，“Colleton County Rescue Worker Loses Job over Facebook Post，”March 18，2010，live5news/story/12047151/colleton-county-rescue-worker-loses-job-over-facebook-post？redirect-ed=true.
[40]. Declan McCullagh，“Yes, Insults on Facebook Can Still Get You Fired，”Nov.9，2010，http：//news.cnet/8301-13578_3-20022276-38.html#ixzz14tyiCByQ.
[41]. Steven Greenhouse，“Company Accused of Firing over Facebook Post，”The New York Times, Nov.8，2010，at B1，nytimes/2010/11/09/business/09facebook.html.
[42]. Steven Greenhouse，“Company Accused of Firing over Facebook Post，”The New York Times, Nov.8，2010，at B1，nytimes/2010/11/09/business/09facebook.html.
[43]. Steven Greenhouse，“Company Accused of Firing over Facebook Post，”The New York Times, Nov.8，2010，at B1，nytimes/2010/11/09/business/09facebook.html.
[44]. Gordon MacMillan，“BBC and Reuters Turn to Social Media Guidelines After Staff Tw-eet Trou-ble，”April 7，2011，http：//wallblog.co.uk/2011/04/07/bbc-and-reuters-turn-to-social-media-guidelines-after-staff-tweet-trouble/.
[45]. Steven Greenhouse，“Labor Panel to Press Reuters over Reaction to Twitter Post，”The New York Times, April 7，2011，at B3，nytimes/2011/04/07/business/media/07twitter.html.
[46]. Pietrylo v.Hillstone Restaurant Group，2008 WL 6085437（D.N.J.2008）.
[47]. Pietrylo v.Hillstone Restaurant Group，2009 WL 3128420（D.N.J.2009）.
[48]. Bob Cohn，“Dismissed Pierogi Returns to Run Again at PNC Park，”June 23，2010，pitts-burghlive/x/pittsburghtrib/sports/s_687194.html.
[49]. Schenck v.United States，249 U.S.47，52（1919）.
[50]. “Israeli Military‘Unfriends'Soldier After Facebook Leak，”March 4，2010，http：//news. bbc.co.uk/2/hi/8549099.stm.
[51]. Andie531，“‘We Are Cleaning Out a West Bank Village'Facebook Entry Gets Soldier Boot-ed，”The Truth Will Set You Free blog, March 4，2010，http：//wakeupfromyourslumber/blog/andie531/we-are-cleaning-out-west-bank-village-facebook-entry-gets-soldier-booted.
[52]. “Quote of the Day，”March 3，2010， time/time/quotes/0，26174，1969477，00.html.
[53]. Haaretz Service and Reuters，“IDF Calls Off West Bank Raid Due to Facebook Leak，”March 3，2010，haaretz/news/idf-calls-off-west-bank-raid-due-to-facebook-leak-1.264065.
[54]. “Israeli Military‘Unfriends'Soldier After Facebook Leak.”
[55]. Hammonds v.Aetna Casualty&Surety Co.，243 F.Supp.793，801（N.D.Ohio 1965）.
[56]. Madden，“12 Ways to Get Fired for Facebook.”
[57]. Chelsea Conaboy，“For Doctors, So-cial Media a Tricky Case，”The Boston Globe, April 20，2011，at 1，boston/lifest-yle/health/articles/2011/04/20/for_doctors_social_media_a_tricky_case/？page=full.
[58]. Chelsea Conaboy，“For Doctors, So-cial Media a Tricky Case，”The Boston Globe, April 20，2011，at 1，boston/lifest-yle/health/articles/2011/04/20/for_doctors_social_media_a_tricky_case/？page=full.；Associated Press，“Doctor Busted for Patient Info Spill on Facebook，”April 18，2011，msnbc.msn/id/42652527/ns/technology_and_science-security/t/doctor-busted-patient-info-spill-facebook/.58 Complaint, In re Kristine Ann Peshek, Hearing Board of the Illinois Attorney Registration and Disciplinary Commission（Aug.25，2009），iardc.org/09CH0089CM.html.
[59]. Sarah Bruce，“Nurse Suspended for Op Pics on Facebook，”E-Health Insider, Jan.25，2010，ehi.co.uk/news/ehi/5579.
[60]. Emil Protalinski，“Parents Suing Facebook over Photo of Murdered Daughter，”March 29，2011，zdnet/blog/facebook/parents-suing-facebook-over-photo-of-murdereddaughter/1024？tag=man-tle_skin；content.
[61]. Associated Press/CBS New York，“Ex-NYC EMT Admits Posting Corpse Photo on Fac-ebook，”Dec.10，2010，http：//newyork.cbslocal/2010/12/10/ex-nyc-emt-admits-posting-corpse-photo-on-face-book/.
[62]. Tatro v.University of Minnesota, Case No.A10-1440，2011 WL 2672220 at 9（Minn.App.2011）.
[63]. Annie Karni，“Web Site Exposes Bad Tippers in Brooklyn，”May 8，2011，nypost/p/news/local/brooklyn/keep_the_bleepin_change_4jDvBIHLSv7jsMuG4cIYYL；Adrian Ch-en，“Brooklyn Delivery Guy Starts Blog Shaming Bad Tippers，”April 29，2011，http：//blo-g.gawker/5797195/brook-lyn-delivery-guy-starts-blog-shaming-bad-tippers.
[64]. Brents v.Morgan，299 S.W.967（Ky.Ct.App.1927）.
[65]. Caitlin Fitzsimmons，“Arkansas School Board Member Resigns over Anti-Gay Facebook Com-ments，”Oct.30，2010，allfacebook/arkansas-school-board-2010-10.
[66]. Caitlin Fitzsimmons，“Arkansas School Board Member Resigns over Anti-Gay Facebook Com-ments，”Oct.30，2010，allfacebook/arkansas-school-board-2010-10.
[67]. Cynthia Bowers，“In Wisconsin, Thousands Protest Budget Proposal，”Feb.20，2011，cb-snews/stories/2011/02/20/sunday/main20034127.shtml.
[68]. Adam Weinstein，“Indiana Official：‘Use Live Ammunition'Against Wisconsin Protesters，”Feb.23，2011，http：//motherjones/politics/2011/02/indiana-official-jeff-cox-live-ammunition-against-wis-consin-protesters.
[69]. Adam Weinstein，“Indiana Official：‘Use Live Ammunition'Against Wisconsin Protesters，”Feb.23，2011，http：//motherjones/politics/2011/02/indiana-official-jeff-cox-live-ammunition-against-wis-consin-protesters.
[70]. Adam Weinstein，“Indiana Official：‘Use Live Ammunition'Against Wisconsin Protesters，”Feb.23，2011，http：//motherjones/politics/2011/02/indiana-official-jeff-cox-live-ammunition-against-wis-consin-protesters.
[71]. International Association of Chiefs of Police Center for Social Media, September 2010 survey on law enforcement's use of social media, at 11，iacpsocialmedia.org/Portals/1/documents/Survey%20Re-sults%20Document.pdf.
[72]. Erica Goode，“Police Lesson：Social Network Tools Have Two Edges，”The New York Times, April 7，2011，at A1，nytimes/2011/04/07/us/07police.html.
[73]. Magdalena Sharpe，“Officer Lists Job as‘Human Waste Disposal'on Facebook，”Feb.16，2011，kob/article/stories/S1976709.shtml.
[74]. Goode，“Police Lesson：Social Network Tools Have Two Edges.”
[75]. Albuquerque Police Department General Orders, Addition to the Manual，1-44 Social M-edia Poli-cy, Rules 1.44.2A and B, scribd/doc/50958630/Social-Network-Policy-SOP-Sanctions.
[76]. Jeff Proctor，“Cop in Facebook Scandal Back on Street，”Albuquerque Journal, May 6，2011，abqjournal/cgi-bin/print_it.pl？page=/news/metro/062240306814newsmetro05-06-11.htm.
[77]. Goode，“Police Lesson：Social Network Tools Have Two Edges.”
[78]. Jim Meyer，“The Officer Who Posted Too Much on MySpace，”The New York Times, March 11，2009，at A24，nytimes/2009/03/11/nyregion/11about.html.
[79]. Jim Meyer，“The Officer Who Posted Too Much on MySpace，”The New York Times, March 11，2009，at A24，nytimes/2009/03/11/nyregion/11about.html.
[80]. Jim Meyer，“The Officer Who Posted Too Much on MySpace，”The New York Times, March 11，2009，at A24，nytimes/2009/03/11/nyregion/11about.html.
[81]. Flaherty v.Keystone Oaks School District，247 F.Supp.2d 698，702（W.D.Pa.2003）.
[82]. ACLU Press Release，“PA School Pays MYM60，000 to Student Who Was Punished for Pri-vate Internet Message，”Nov.18，2002，aclu.org/technology-and-liberty/pa-high-school-pays-60000-stu-dent-who-was-punished-private-internet-message.
[83]. Flaherty v.Keystone Oaks School District，247 F.Supp.2d 698，701（W.D.Pa.2003）.
[84]. Flaherty v.Keystone Oaks School District，247 F.Supp.2d 698，701（W.D.Pa.2003）.
[85]. Endicott Interconnect Technologies, Inc.v.N.L.R.B.，453 F.3d 532（D.C.Cir.2006）.
[86]. Endicott Interconnect Technologies, Inc.v.N.L.R.B.，453 F.3d 532，537（D.C.Cir.2006），citing Jefferson NLRB v.Electrical Workers Local 1229（Jefferson Standard），346 U.S.464，471（1953）.
[87]. Endicott Interconnect Technologies, Inc.v.N.L.R.B.，453 F.3d 532，538（D.C.Cir.2006）.
[88]. Rob Quinn，“Domino's Workers Fired for Gross-Out Video，”April 15，2009，new-ser/story/56201/dominos-workers-fired-for-gross-out-video.html.
[89]. Stephanie Clifford，“Video Prank at Domino's Taints Brand，”The New York Times, April 16，2009，atB1，nytimes/2009/04/16/business/media/16dominos.html？_r=1&ref=business.
[90]. Jennifer Lawinski，“Domino's at Center of Disgusting YouTube Video Prank Closes，”Sep.29，2009，slashfood/2009/09/29/dominos-at-center-of-disgusting-youtube-video-prank-closes/.
[91]. Clifford，“Video Prank at Domino's Taints Brand.”
[92]. Clifford，“Video Prank at Domino's Taints Brand.”
[93]. Lawinski，“Domino's at Center of Disgusting YouTube Video Prank Closes.”
[94]. Pickering v.Board of Education of Township High School District 205，391 U.S.563（1968）.
[95]. Christopher Jordan，“Social Media at the Workplace in Germany，”Social Networking in the In-296ternational Workplace, American Bar Association, April 20，2011，at 9；Walter Born，“Germany，”Adviso-ry：European Employment Law Update, Covington&Burling LLP, Feb. 1，2011，at 3，cov/files/Publication/718f2a6b-8f57-4f40-a773-f0c971c99f39/Presentat-ion/PublicationAttachment/78f70ce1-0924-44c3-8b22-046e0b382e3a/European%20Employment%20Law%20Update.pdf.
[96]. William McGeveran，“Finnish Employers Cannot Google Applicants，”Nov.15，2006，http：//blogs.law.harvard.edu/infolaw/2006/11/15/finnish-employers-cannot-google-applicants/.