第30章
其名词为perception“洞察力”,如a man with great perception一个非常有洞察力的人
except介词“除了……”
其名词为exception“例外”,短语in the exception of除了=except
其形容词为exceptional“例外的”,如exceptional case例外情况,exceptional price特价
词根cipate=take
anticipate=anti(反)+ cipate(take)反对拿走,动词“期待”,(对应的口语表达为look forward to doing),例:We anticipated heating from you again.我们期待再次听到你的音讯。We anticipated that we will meet some difficulties.我们已经预料到会遇到一些困难。
前缀anti-表示反,如anticancer“[医]抗癌的”,antihuman“反人类的”,antiwar“反对战争的”
participate=part + i + cipate(take)把东西拿出来作为一部分,动词“参与”,例:Everyone in the class is expected to participate in the discussion.希望班上的每个同学都参加这个讨论。
emancipate=e(out)+ man + cipate(take)把人类释放出来,动词“解放”,例:This machine emancipated us from hard work.这个机器把我们从繁重的工作中解放出来。
liberate动词“解放”(set free),例:The government has liberated all the political prisoners.政府解放了所有的政治犯。
其形容词为liberal“开放的,开明的”,如a liberal foreign policy开放的外交政策,a liberal-minded person一个开明的人
词根fer=take
confer=con(together)+fer(take)动词“商讨,商谈”,例:The president conferred with his consultants before announcing the decision.总统在宣布决定之前会与顾问商讨。其名词为conference“会议”
differ
1(from)“与……不同”,例:I differ from you in character.我与你在性格方面非常不同。
2(with)“与……意见不同”,例:I differ with you on the subject.对于这件事我与你的意见不同。
difference“不同”,different“不同的”
refer动词“参考,查阅”,如refer to a dictionary 查字典
其名词为reference“参考”,如reference books参考书
referee“裁判”(相关:employ动词“雇佣”,employee名词“雇员”)
prefer=pre(之前)+ fer(take)动词“宁愿,更喜欢”,例:I prefer dogs to cats.相对猫而言,我更喜欢狗。
preference“喜好”,例:I don’t know your preference, so please help yourself.我不知道你喜欢什么,请你自便。
preferable“更可取的”,其本身就是有比较意义的形容词,因此没有比较级,例:A dark suit is preferable to a light one for evening wear.对于晚装,深色西服比浅色西服更可取。
suffer=suf(超过)+ fer(take)超过应该拿到的东西
1动词“遭受(磨难)”,例:He suffered one defeat from another.他遭受了一个又一个挫败。
2动词“受苦(病痛)”后需加from,例:She was suffering from a headache.她一直受头痛困扰。
suf表示超过,如sufficient=suf(超过)+ fic(do)+ i + ent“充足的,大量的”
transfer=trans(across)+ fer(take)动词“调动”,如transfer to another team调到另一个队伍
infer=in + fer(take)从里面拿出来的观点,动词“推断”,例:I inferred from his words that he wanted us to leave.从他的话当中我们推断出他是想让我们离开。
imply动词“暗示”,例:He said it was late, implying that we ought to go home.他说天色晚了,暗示我们应该回家了。
offer=of(to)+ fer(take)动词“提供”,例:The police are offering a big award for any information about the murder.谁能提供关于这个谋杀犯的任何信息,警察就会给一笔大的奖金。
16-1第三十一节
人类感观动词
看
look“看(强调动作)”,而see“看(强调结果)”,例:He looked but saw nothing.他看了看,但是什么也没看见。
词根pect,spect=look
respect=re(again)+ spect反复地看,作动词“尊敬”,作名词“尊敬;方面”,例:We respected our professor in many respects. 我们在很多方面都尊敬我们的教授。The students show great respect for their history teacher.学生对他们的历史老师表示出极大的尊重。
其形容词有respectable“值得尊敬的”,如a respectable leader一个值得尊敬的领导
respectful“尊敬的”,如be respectful to other people’s views尊重其他人的观点
respective“分别的,各自的”,例:My husband and I are going to visit our respective teachers.我和我的丈夫都要去拜访各自的老师。
inspect=in + spect(look)作动词“检查”,例:He inspected the car carefully before he bought it.买车之前他仔细地检查了那车。
其名词Inspector“检查员”
prospect=pro(forward)+ spect(look)向前看,名词“期望,展望”,例:There’s not much prospect of Mr. Smith’s being elected as Congressman.史密斯先生被选为议员的希望是不大的。如a job with excellent prospects一份很有希望的工作
perspective=per(through)+ spect(look)+ ive从头到尾穿过去看,名词1“透视法”2“看待事情的角度”,例:We must view the things in the proper perspective.我们必须从正确的视角来看待问题。
aspect=as(to)+ pect(look)名词1(去被别人看到的第一印象)“外表”,如a little girl of pleasing aspect有着招人喜爱的外表的小女孩,2“(问题等的)方面”,例:The training program covers every aspect of the job.这个培训包含了工作的每一个方面。
spectator=spect(look)+ ator看的人,名词“(指比赛或表演)观众,旁观者”,例:At the end of match, the spectators went wild with excitement.比赛结束后,观众们激动得发狂。